Curly-haired Retriever
Other names
Curly, Curly-Coated Retriever, Curly-Coated Retriever
Origin & history
The Curly-Coated Retriever is one of the oldest retriever breeds and is considered the ancestor of many modern retrievers. The breed originated in England in the 19th century, where it was developed as a versatile hunting dog for retrieving game, both on land and in water.
The Curly-Coated Retriever is believed to have originated from crosses between the Labrador Retriever, the Irish Water Spaniel, and possibly the Poodle. Its characteristic curly coat offered protection from cold, rain, and prickly vegetation—ideal for the British countryside.
The Curly became popular among hunters early on because of its endurance, independence, and ability to work even in cold water or difficult terrain. Although rarer today than other retrievers, it remains a valued working and family dog.
Appearance & body shape
The Curly-Coated Retriever is a medium to large dog with an elegant yet powerful build. Its most striking feature is the dense, tightly curled coat that covers its entire body—from head to tail. These curls are water-repellent and provide excellent protection against cold and damp.
The coat colors are usually deep black or liver brown. The eyes have a soft, intelligent look, and the ears hang close to the head. Its stance is alert, with a straight back, deep chest, and athletic musculature.
Format
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Males: 64–69 cm height at the withers
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Bitches: 58–64 cm height at the withers
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Weight: 27–36 kg
Character & temperament
The Curly-Coated Retriever is an intelligent, proud, and independent dog. It has a friendly nature, but is often a bit more reserved than more outgoing retrievers like the Labrador or Golden Retriever.
He is affectionate, loyal, and gentle with his family. He can be reserved with strangers at first, but rarely fearful or aggressive. His independent nature makes him excellent for long-distance work, such as retrieving during hunting or tracking.
The Curly is energetic and eager to learn, but doesn't like excessive repetition. A consistent, positive training approach with variety and challenge works best. With sufficient exercise and attention, he is balanced, calm, and content at home.
Movement & care
As a working dog, the Curly-Coated Retriever needs plenty of exercise and mental stimulation. Long walks, swimming, retrieving, or dog sports like obedience and gundog training are perfect ways to burn off energy.
The coat requires surprisingly little maintenance: a weekly brushing is sufficient, and often a light hand brushing is even better to maintain the natural curl. Over-brushing can actually loosen the curls.
Its thick, water-resistant coat makes it cold-resistant, but overheating in summer should be avoided.
Health
The Curly-Coated Retriever is generally a healthy and strong breed with a life expectancy of 10 to 12 years. As with many larger dogs, hip dysplasia and occasional eye problems are common.
Good breeding selection, sufficient exercise, and a healthy weight are important to prevent joint problems. Because of its dense coat, it's wise to regularly check the skin for irritation or hot spots.
Difference with other retrievers
The Curly-Coated Retriever distinguishes itself from other retrievers with its unique curly coat and more independent nature. While Labrador and Golden Retrievers are known for their outgoing and gentle nature, the Curly is somewhat more reserved and independent.
He's often calmer indoors, but has a stronger work ethic in the field. His combination of intelligence, courage, and endurance makes him a true working dog—elegant in appearance, yet tough in character.
Summary
The Curly-Coated Retriever is a proud, intelligent, and reliable hunting dog with a distinctive curly coat and a big heart. He combines strength and elegance with a calm, independent nature. For active owners who enjoy the outdoors, water, and teamwork, the Curly is a loyal partner—faithful, intelligent, and tireless.